PROPOSAL
/ CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND
TO THE STUDY
Child
trafficking or child abuse is one of the critical issues facing almost all
societies of the world including the most civilised countries such as US, UK,
France which has received several attentions locally and globally with the view
to curb or eradicate all forms of abuse on children. The concept of child abuse
is sometimes used interchangeably as child maltreatment but some researchers
believe see child maltreatment as an umbrella term that covers neglect,
exploitation, and trafficking of children.
However,
from the global efforts through the UNICEF policy enacted in the Millennium Development Goals declaration, it is obvious that six out of the eight agenda addresses child protection explicitly. A close look at the MDGs shows that no single Goal can be achieved unless the protection of
children is an integral part of programming strategies and plans. Failing to
protect children from such issues as violence in schools, child labour, harmful
traditional practices, the absence of parental care or commercial sexual
exploitation squanders the world’s most precious resource. reaching the most
vulnerable and isolated populations helps ensure the health and well-being of
all and is indispensable to achieve the MdGs.
The reason is not far
fetch since the first goal is to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger” which
means that children who were victim of hunger are prone to so many dangers
apart from poor health, it could lead them to street begging, street hawking
etc, the same goes to the 2nd agenda which achieve universal primary education
others are promote gender equality and empower women, reduce child mortality,
improve maternal health and Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases. The
other two that are not children oriented directly is ensure environmental
sustainability and develop a global partnership for development. Without doubt,
it can be clearly established that children rights are seen global issue that
every UN member states must not only strive to achieve but must be pursue with
deliberate efforts towards ensuring child abuse free society.
No wonder, it became
a global concern when over 200 Chibok school girls in Borno state were
kidnapped by the Boko-Haram insurgency some two years ago in which local,
foreign, individuals, experts, NGOs and International organisations launched
various campaign tagged Bring Back Our Girls “BBOG” to usher the release of the
children which is regarded as an abuse on those children right.
Today, there are
numbers of ways children are abuse particularly in Nigeria and in sub-sahara
Africa which include but not limited to any action or attempt by another person
that causes significant harm to a child (usually under 18 years) which could be
inform of bullying and cyber bullying, female genital mutilation (fgm), child
sexual exploitation , domestic abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, online abuse,
physical abuse, emotional abuse, child trafficking, girl looking downstairs
grooming, harmful sexual behaviour and other forms of abuse such as street
hawking, house help etc (Lindah, 2013).
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